Glucomannan is a linear polysaccharide consisting of 1, 4-beta – linked D-glucose and D-mannosyl residues, in which the ratio of glucose to mannose (Glc:Man) varies greatly. The Glc:Man ratio of konjac glucomannan is about. At 2:3, the ratio of aloe glucomannan is 1:2, while the ratio of Shalep glucomannan is about 1:4. All polysaccharides are acetylated, which gives them water solubility. Glucomannan is the main cell wall reserve carbohydrate in tubers of several plant genera. At certain stages of plant development, glucomannan is degraded and used as an energy source

Pimaricin (also known as natamycin, INN) belongs to a naturally occurring antifungal agent produced through the fermentation of the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis. It is a kind of macrolide polyene antifungal used for the treatment of fungal keratitis, which is a kind of eye infection. In medical field, it can be used for the treatment of various kind of fungal infections caused by Candida, Aspergillus, Cephalosporium, Fusarium, and Penicillium. In food industry, it can be used as a natural preservative to prevent fungal outgrowth. Its mechanism of action is through binding to the ergosterol in the plasma membrane of fungi, inhibiting the process of ergosterol-dependent fusion of vacuoles and membrane fusion, further inhibiting the fungal growth. It also inhibit the transport of amino acid and glucose through inhibiting membrane transport proteins.

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 is obtained by the distillation of petroleum or by hydrogenation of benzene. It constitutes 0.5–1.0% of petroleum.

Benzothiazole and its derivative are recognized as the most important heterocyclic compounds. This series of compounds is of particular interests. It has various kinds of pharmacological properties and has been included in many kinds of natural products and pharmaceutical agents.

It is used in the production of mineral processing reagents, metal passivating agents, resin curing agents for boats, rubber vulcanization accelerators, as well as in dyes, electroplating and analytical reagents (for the detection of mercury, copper and silver), pharmaceutical intermediates, etc.

Citric acid monohydrate occurs as colorless or translucent crystals or as a white crystalline, efflorescent powder. It is odorless and has a strong acidic taste. The crystal structure is orthorhombic. monohydrate crystals lose water of crystallization in dry air or when heated to about 40 to 50℃. Citric acid monohydrate softens at 75℃ and melts at approximately 100℃. It serves as a natural preservative and is commonly utilized to contribute an acidic or sour taste to foods and soft drinks.

The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula HCl. At room temperature, it is a colorless gas, which forms white fumes of hydrochloric acid upon contact with atmospheric humidity. Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrochloric acid are important in technology and industry. Hydrochloric acid, the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, is also commonly given the formula HCl.

Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid with the molecular formula H2SO4 and molecular weight 98.079 g/mol. It is a pungent-ethereal, colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid that is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sometimes, it is dyed dark brown during production to alert people to its hazards. The historical name of this acid is oil of vitriol.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound. It is a white solid and highly caustic metallic base and alkali salt of sodium which is available in pellets, flakes, granules, and as prepared solutions at a number of different concentrations. Sodium hydroxide forms an approximately 50% (by weight) saturated solution with water.; Sodium hydroxide is soluble in water, ethanol, and methanol. This alkali is deliquescent and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide in air.

Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol (or grain spirits, or alcohol), is a clear colorless, volatile, flammable solvent with a characteristic odor. The boiling point of ethanal is 78.5°C. The bio-alcohol is found in alcoholic beverages. Concentrated alcohol has a strong burning taste, but it is somewhat sweet when diluted. It is also increasingly being used as a fuel (usually replacing or complementing gasoline). Its low melting point of -114.5° C allows it to be used in antifreeze products.